Targum Onkelos

2nd c. AD · 2nd c. · 5 works

Targum Onkelos is the authoritative Jewish Aramaic translation of the Torah, traditionally ascribed to the proselyte Onkelos and substantially fixed by the second century. Largely literal, it occasionally renders anthropomorphisms indirectly and reflects early rabbinic interpretation.

It circulated alongside the Hebrew text in synagogue use and is a key witness to how Second Temple and early rabbinic Judaism read the Pentateuch — a background the Fathers and the New Testament milieu sometimes echo.