- RaamahRAAMAH. See Table of the Nations, § 6.
- RaamsesRAAMSES. See Moses, § 4.
- Rabanus, MaurusRABANUS, ra-ba'nus (HRABANUS, RHABANUS), MAURUS:
- Rabaut-Pommier, Jacques-AntoineRABAUT-POMMIER, JACQUES-ANTOINE: French Protestant, second son of Paul Rabaut (q.v.); b. at Nîmes Oct 2
- Rabaut, Jean PaulRABAUT (ST. ÉTIENNE), rê´bō, JEAN PAUL: French Protestant, oldest son of Paul Rabaut;
- Rabaut, PaulRABAUT, PAUL: French Protestant reformer; b. at Bédarieux (20 m. n. of Béziers) Jan. 29, 1718; d. at Nî
- Rabaut, PierreRABAUT, PIERRE: French Protestant, youngest son of Paul Rabaut, known also as Dupuis and Rabaut le jeun
- Rabbinic BiblesRABBINIC BIBLES . See Bibles, Rabbinic.
- RabbinismRABBINISM: A term applied to the scholastic Judaism which developed from the fourth pre-Christian centu
- RabbulaRABBULA, ra´bu-la (RABULAS): Bishop of Edessa 411–435. He was born at Ginnesrin (Chalc
- Rabergh, HermanRABERGH , ra´bārH, HERMAN: Finnish bishop; b. in Abo (150 m. n.e. of Stockholm), Finlan
- Radbertus, PaschasiusRADBERTUS , r a d-bār´tus, PASCHASIUS:
- Rade, Paul MartinRADE , r ā ´de, PAUL MARTIN: German Lutheran; b. at Rennersdorf (a village near
- Radewyns, FlorentiusRADEWYNS, FLORENTIUS. See Florentius Radewyns.
- Raebiger, Julius FerdinandRAEBIGER , rê´big-er, JULIUS FERDINAND: German theologian; b. at Lohsa (42 m. n.e. of D
- Raffles, ThomasRAFFLES, r ā f´elz, THOMAS: English Independent; b. at London May 17, 1788; d.
- Ragg, LonsdaleRAGG, LONSDALE: Church of England; b. at Wellington (10 m. e. of Shrewsbury), Shropshire, Oct. 23, 1866
- RahabRAHAB , rê´hab: A Canaanitic woman of Jericho, who received the spies sent by Joshua. It is stated in Jo
- Rahlfs, Otto Gustav AlfredRAHLFS , r ā lfs, OTTO GUSTAV ALFRED: German Protestant; b. at Linden (now a par
- Rahtman, HermannRAHTMANN, r ā t´m ā n, HERMANN: German theologian; b. at Lübeck in 1585;
- Raikes, RobertRAIKES, rêks, ROBERT: Founder of Sunday-schools; b. at Gloucester Sept. 14, 1735; d. t
- Raimundus, De SabundeRAIMUNDUS, r a i'mun'dus, DE SABUNDE (RAYMUND SABIEUDE): Spanish physician and
- Rainolds, JohnRAINOLDS, JOHN. See Reynolds (Rainolds), John.
- Rainsford, William StephenRAINSSFORD, rênz´fōrd, WILLIAM STEPHEN: Protestant Episcopalian; b. in Dublin, Ireland
- Rainy, RobertRAINY, ROBERT: United Free Church of Scotland; b. at Glasgow Jan. 1, 1826; d. at Melbourne, Australia,
- Raleigh, AlexanderRALEIGH, r ē ´le, ALEXANDER: Congregationalist; b. at The Flock (a farmhouse ne
- Ramabai, SarasvatiRAMABAI, ram´ a -bai, SARASVATI: Hindu educator; b. in 1858 in the forests of S
- RamadanRAMADAN: The ninth month of the Mohammedan year, observed as a fast. According to Surah ii. of the Kora
- RamanujaRAMANUJA. Hindu philosopher. See India, I, 2, § 2.
- RambachRAMBACH , r ā m´baH: A Thuringian family of theologians.
- RammanRAMMAN. See Assyria, VII, § 4.
- Rammohan RoyRAMMOHAN ROY, ram-mo-h a n´: Hindu theist; b. at Radhanagar in Bengal, May 22, 1772 or 1774; d.
- Rampolla, Del Tindaro, MarianoRAMPOLLA, r ā m-pel´l ā , DEL TINDARO, MARIANOO: Cardinal; b., of noble
- Ramsay, Sir William MitchellRAMSAY, r ā m´zê, SIR WILLIAM MITCHELL: Church of Scotland layman; b. at Glasgo
- Ramus, PetrusRAMUS, r ā -müs´, PETRUS (PIERRE DE LA RAMÉE): French humanist; b. at Cuth, nea
- Rancé, Armand Louis Le Bouthillier deRANCÉ, ARMAND LOUIS LE BOUTHILLIER DE. See Trappists.
- Rand, William WilberforceRAND, WILLIAM WILBERFORCE: Reformed (Dutch); b. at Gorham, Me., Dec. 8, 1816; d. at Yonkers Mar. 3, 190
- Randall, Richard WilliamRANDALL, RICHARD WILLIAM: Church of England; b. in London Apr. 13, 1824; d. at Bournemouth (24 m. s.w.
- Randolph, alfred MagillRANDOLPH, ALFRED MAGILL: Protestant Episcopal bishop of southern Virginia; b. at Winchester, Va., Aug.
- Randolph, Berkeley WilliamRANDOLPH, ran´delf, BERKELEY WILLIAM: Church of England; b. at Riverhead (20 m. s.e. o
- Ranke, Ernst KonstantinRANKE, r ā n´ke, ERNST KONSTANTIN: German Lutheran; b. at Wiehe (27 m. w.s.w. o
- Rankin, ThomasRANKIN, THOMAS: Methodist, friend of John Wesley; b. at Dunbar (27 m. e.n.e. of Edinburgh), Scotland, i
- RantersRANTERS: The name given by way of reproach to an antinomian sect of the Commonwealth period in England.
- RaphaelRAPHAEL , rê´f a -el: One of the seven (four) archangels of post-exilic Hebrew angelology (Tobit
- Raphael BibleRAPHAEL BIBLE. See Bibles, Illustrated.
- Rapp, Johann GeorgRAPP, r ā p, JOHANN GEORG: Founder of the Harmony Society; b. at Iptingen, near
- Rashdall, HastingsRASHDALL, HASTINGS: Church of England; b. in London June 24, 1858. He was educated at New College, Oxfo
- RashiRASHI , r a -shî´: French rabbi, commentator on Bible and Talmud; b. at Troyes (90 m. e.s.e. of P
- RaskolniksRASKOLNIKS. See Russia, II.
- Rasle, SébastienRASLE, rel (RASLES, RAZE, RALLE), SÉBASTIEN: French Jesuit missionary to the North Ame
- Rasmussen, Christian VilhelmRASMUSSEN, r ā s-mū´sen, CHRISTIAN VILHELM: Danish missionary to Greenland; b.
- RatherriusRATHERIUS , ra´´-ther´î-us: Bishop of Verona; b. near Liège shortly after 887; d. at Namur (36 m. s.e. o
- RationalRATIONAL: A term used ecclesiastically in three meanings. (1) It is applied to the breastplate worn by
- Rationalism and SupernaturalismOrigin of the Antithesis (§ 1).
- RatramnusRATRAMNUS, r ā ´´tr ā m´nus (RATHRAMNUS): Monk of Corbie and one of the
- Ratzeberg, Bishopric ofRATZEBURG, r ā t´se-būrH´´, BISHOPRIC OF: A German diocese founded by Archbisho
- RatzebergerRATZEBERGER, r ā t´se-b a rH-er (RATZENBERGER), MATTHÆUS: German physici
- Rauch, Frederick AugustusRAUCH, r a uH, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS: German Reformed educator; b. at Kirchbracht,
- Rauhes HausRAUHES HAUS. See Wichern, Johann Hinrich; Deacon, IV.
- Rauschen, GerhardRAUSCHEN, r a u´shen, GERHARD: German Roman Catholic; b. at Heinsberg (33 m. s.
- Rauschenbusch, AugustusRAUSCHENBUSCH, AUGUSTUS: Baptist; b. at Altona (41 m. n.e. of Cologne) Feb. 13, 1816; d. at Hamburg 189
- Rauschenbusch, WalterRAUSCHENBUSCH, r a u´shen-bush, WALTER: Baptist, son of the preceding; b. in Ro
- Rautenberg, Johann WilhelmRAUTENBERG, r a u´ten-b a rH, JOHANN WILHELM: German Protestant and one
- Rautenstrauch, Franz StephanRAUTENSTRAUCH, rau´ten-str a uH, FRANZ STEPHAN: Austrian Roman Catholic; b. at
- Rauwenhoff, Lodewijk Willem ErnstRAUWENHOFF, r a u´ven-hef, LODEWIJK WILLEM ERNST: Dutch Protestant; b. at Amste
- RavennaRAVENNA, r ā -ven´n ā : Name of province, city, and archbishopric in northeastern Italy.
- Ravignan, Gustave François Xavier de la Croix deRAVIGNAN, r a ´´vî´´ny a n´, GUSTAVE FRANÇOIS XAVIER DE LA CROIX DE: Rom
- Rawlinson, GeorgeRAWLINSON, rē´lin-sUn, GEORGE: Church of England, commentator and orientalist; b. at C
- Rawnsley, Hardwicke DrummondRAWNSLEY, rēns´lî, HARDWICKE DRUMMOND: Church of England; b. at Henley-on-Thames (23 m
- Raymond, MartiniRAYMOND, MARTINI: Spanish Dominican and rabbinical scholar of the thirteenth century. He was a native o
- Raymond, MinerRAYMOND, MINER: Methodist Episcopal; b. at New York Aug. 29, 1811; d. at Evanston, Ill., Nov. 25, 1897.
- Raymond, Saint of PennaforteRAYMOND, SAINT, OF PENNAFORTE: B. at Barcelona toward the close of the twelfth century; d. Jan. 6, 1275
- Raymundus LullusRAYMUNDUS LULLUS. See Lully, Raymond.
- Raynaldus, OdericusRAYNALDUS, ODERICUS. See Rinaldi, Odorico.
- ReaderREADER. See Lector.
- Real PresenceREAL PRESENCE. See Lord's Supper; Transubstantiation.
- RealismREALISM. See Scholasticism.
- Rebekah BibleREBEKAH BIBLE. See Bible Versions, B, IV., § 9.
- RechabitesRECHABITES , rec´ a -b a its: A clan of the Kenites, noted for adherence to the commands o
- RecluseRECLUSE (Lat. reclusus, inclusus): Specifically a particular kind of solitary who lives a life of seclu
- RecollectRECOLLECT: The designation (from recolligere, "to gather again") applied to certain congregations insid
- ReconcilliationRECONCILIATION. See Atonement.
- RecusantRECUSANT: The term used in the Roman Catholic and Anglican churches to denominate those who refuse (Lat
- Red Cross SocietyRED CROSS SOCIETY:
- Red Sea, TheRED SEA, THE (Hebr. Yam suph , "Sea of Reeds "; Gk. Eruthra thalassa , "Red Sea"; Egypt
- Redeemer, Order of theREDEEMER, ORDER OF THE ( Ordo S. Salvatoris or S. Redemptoris ): A popular designation
- RedemptionFundamental Ideas (§ 1).
- RedemptoristsREDEMPTORISTS. See Liguori, Alfonso Maria di, and the Redemptorist Order.
- Reden, Frederica, Countess ofREDEN, rê´den, FREDERICA, COUNTESS OF: German philanthropist; b: at Brunswick May 12,
- Redenbacher, Christian Wilhelm AdolfREDENBACHER, rê´den-b ā H´´er, CHRISTIAN WILHELM ADOLF: Bavarian Lutheran, cons
- Redpath, Henry AdereyREDPATH, HENRY ADENEY: Church of England; b. at Forest Hill, London, June 19, 1848; d. in London Sept.
- Reed, AndrewREED, ANDREW: English philanthropist and Independent; b. at London Nov. 27, 1787; d. there Feb. 25, 186
- Reed, Richard ClarkREED, RICHARD CLARK: Southern Presbyterian; b. at Harrison, Tenn., Jan. 24, 1851. He was graduated at K
- Reese, Frederick FockeREESE, rîs, FREDERICK FOCKE: Protestant Episcopal bishop of Georgia; b. at Baltimore,
- Reeve, JohnREEVE, JOHN. See Muggleton, Lodowick, and the Muggletonians.
- ReformationTheories of the Reformation.
- Reformation, Celebration ofREFORMATION, CELEBRATION OF . See Feasts and Festivals, II., § 3.
- Reformed (Dutch) ChurchIn the Netherlands.
- Reformed (German) Church in the United StatesHistory.
- Reformed (Hungarian) Church in AmericaREFORMED (HUNGARIAN) CHURCH IN AMERICA: In the earlier stages of the Hungarian immigration to this coun
- Reformed CatholicsREFORMED CATHOLICS: A small body originating in New York City about 1879. Priests of the Church of Rome
- Reformed Church in AmericaREFORMED CHURCH IN AMERICA. See Reformed (Dutch) Church, II.
- Reformed Church, ChristianREFORMED CHURCH, CHRISTIAN: A denomination which originated in Michigan in 1857 when four congregations
- Reformed CisterciansREFORMED CISTERCIANS. See Trappists.
- Reformed Covenanted PresbyteriansREFORMED COVENANTED PRESBYTERIANS. See Presbyterians, VIII., 10.
- Reformed EpiscopaliansREFORMED EPISCOPALIANS:
- Reformed League for GermanyREFORMED LEAGUE FOR GERMANY (REFORMIERTER BUND FUER DEUTSCHLAND): An association, inspired in part by t
- Reformed PresbyteriansREFORMED PRESBYTERIANS. For the various bodies bearing this name see Presbyterians, I, 5, III, 2, VIII.
- Reformed synod of the South AssociateREFORMED SYNOD OF THE SOUTH, ASSOCIATE . See Presbyterians, VIII., 5.
- RegaleREGALE (Lat., "royal prerogative ") : The alleged right of the State to share in the ad
- RegenerationDefinition and Implications (§ 1).
- Regensburg BookREGENSBURG BOOK . See Regensburg, Conference of.
- Regensburg, Bishopric ofREGENSBURG, re´gens-bürg´´, BISHOPRIC OF: A German diocese founded in the eighth centu
- Regensburg, Conference ofREGENSBURG, CONFERENCE OF:
- ReginoREGINO , rê-gê´no: Abbot of Prüm; b., according to a sixteenth-century tradition, at Altrip (a village n
- RegionariusREGIONARIUS , re´´gi-on-ā´rî-us: In the premedieval Roman Church an official, primarily a deacon, placed
- Regula FideiREGULA FIDEI ("RULE OF FAITH"): A term used so frequently in early Christian literature from the last q
- RegularsREGULARS: A term used ecclesiastically to denote those of either sex observing a common rule of life an
- RehoboamREHOBOAM , rî´´hō-bō´am: Son and successor of Solomon, first king of Judah after the division, his own i
- Reichel, Oswald, JosephREICHEL, r a i´shel, OSWALD JOSEPH: Church of England; b. at Ockbrook (33 m. s.
- Reid, Henry Martyn BeckwithREID, HENRY MARTYN BECKWITH: Scotch Presbyterian; b. at Glasgow Mar. 22, 1856. He was educated at the h
- Reid, John MorrisonREID, JOHN MORRISON: Methodist Episcopal; b. in New York May 30, 1820; d. there May 16, 1896. He gradua
- Reid, ThomasREID, THOMAS: Philosopher; b, at Strachan (19 m. s.w. of Aberdeen), Kincardineshire, Scotland, Apr. 26,
- Reid, Willam JamesREID, WILLIAM JAMES: United Presbyterian; b. at South Argyle, Washington County, N. Y., Aug. 17, 1834;
- Reiff, LeonhardREIFF, rîf (BEIER, BEYER), LEONHARD: German Reformer; b. at Munich c. 1495; d. at Küst
- Reihing, JakobREIHING, r a i´hing, JAKOB: German Lutheran; b. at Augsburg Jan. 6, 1579; d. at
- Reimarus, Hermann SamuelREIMARUS, HERMANN SAMUEL. See Wolfenbuettel Fragments.
- Reims New TestamentREIMS NEW TESTAMENT. See Bible Versions, B, IV., § 5.
- Reineccius, JakobREINECCIUS , r a i-nec´î-us (RENECCIUS), JAKOB: German Lutheran; b. at Salzwedel
- Reinhard, Franz VolkmarREINHARD, r a in´h a rt, FRANZ VOLKMAR: German Lutheran; b. at Vohenstra
- Reinkens, Joseph HubertREINKENS, JOSEPH HUBERT: First bishop of the Old Catholics; b. at Burtscheidt (now part of Aachen) Mar.
- Reischle, Max Wilhelm TheodoreREISCHLE, r a ´shle, MAX WILHELM THEODOR: German Protestant; b. in Vienna June
- Reitz, Johann HeinrichREITZ, r a its, JOHANN HEINRICH: German Reformed and mystic; b. at Oberdiebach
- Reland, AdrianRELAND (REELAND, RELANT), ADRIAN: Dutch orientalist and geographer; b. at Rijp (a village near Alkmaar,
- RelicRELIC: The body, or some part of the same, of a saint, or an object supposed to have been connected wit
- Relief ActRELIEF ACT: An act of parliament passed in 1791 (31 George III. c. 32) relieving Roman Catholics Of cer
- Relief SynodRELIEF SYNOD. See Presbyterians, I.
- Religion and LiteratureCommon Origin of Religion and Literature (§ 1).
- Religion, Philosophy ofHistory.
- Religion, PrimitiveRELIGION, PRIMITIVE See Comparative Religion, VI., 1.
- Religions Corporations in the United StatesLegal Basis (§ 1).
- Religious DramasOrigins and Earliest Specimens (§ 1).
- Religious Education AssociationRELIGIOUS EDUCATION ASSOCIATION: An organization effected in 1903 aiming so to unite workers in religio
- Religious LibertyRELIGIOUS LIBERTY. See Liberty, Religious.
- Religious Tract SocietyRELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY. See Tract Societies, III, 1.
- Religous Pedagogy, Hartford School ofRELIGIOUS PEDAGOGY, HARTFORD SCHOOL OF: An institution organized and equipped solely for the purpose of
- Relly, JamesRELLY, JAMES: Universalist; b. at Jeffreston (70 m. w.n.w. of Cardiff), Pembrokeshire, Wales, about 172
- Remensnyder, Junius BenjaminREMENSNYDER, rem´en-sn a i´´der, JUNIUS BENJAMIN: Lutheran; b. at Staunton, Va.
- Remigius of AuxerreREMIGIUS, re-mij´î-us, OF AUXERRE: Medieval scholar; b. in Burgundy before 850; d. abo
- Remigius of LyonsREMIGIUS OF LYONS: Archbishop of that city; d. there Oct. 28, 875. Nothing is known of him prior to his
- Remigius of ReimsREMIGIUS OF REIMS: Bishop of that city; b. at Laon (87 m. n.e. of Paris) about 437; d. at Reims, probab
- RemonstrantsHistory to 1618.
- RemphanREMPHAN, rem´fan: The name of a deity mentioned only in Acts vii. 43. The readings of the name in the m
- Renan, Joseph ErnstRENAN, re-n ā n´, JOSEPH ERNEST: French orientalist; b. at Tréguier (60 m. n.e.
- Renata of FerraraRENATA OF FERRARA. See Renée of France.
- Renato, CamilloRENATO, rê-n ā ´tō, CAMILLO: Italian antitrinitarian and Anabaptist; b. in Sici
- Renaudot, EusèbeRENAUDOT, re-n a u´do, EUSÈBE: French Roman Catholic; b. at Paris July 20, 1646
- Rendal, Gerald HenryRENDALL, GERALD HENRY: Church of England; b. at Harrow (10 m. n.w. of London) Jan. 25, 1851. He was edu
- Rendtorff, FranzRENDTORFF, FRANZ: German Protestant; b. at Gütergotz (a village near Potsdam) Aug. 1, 1860. He was educ
- Renée of FranceRENÉE, . re-nê´, OF FRANCE (RENATA OF FERRARA): French Protestant, daughter of King Lou
- RenewalRENEWAL: The terms "renew," "renewing" occur in the English New Testament only in the epistles (Paul an
- Renouf, Peter Le PageRENOUF, PETER LE PAGE: Roman Catholic Egyptologist; b. on the isle of Guernsey Aug. 23, 1822; d. at Lon
- Renunciation of the Devil in the Baptismal RiteRENUNCIATION OF THE DEVIL IN THE BAPTISMAL RITE: A ceremony which, according to ancient usage, in many
- Renz, FranzRENZ, rents, FRANZ: Roman Catholic; b. at Altenstadt (38 m. s.w. of Augsburg) Oct. 3,
- Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day SaintsREORGANIZED CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER DAY SAINTS. See Mormons, III.
- RepentanceREPENTANCE: Ethically repentance is the feeling of pain experienced by man when he becomes conscious th
- RephaimREPHAIM. See Canaan, Canaanites, § 5; Giants in the Old Testament.
- Repington, PhilipREPINGTON (REPYNGDON), PHILIP: Bishop of Lincoln, cardinal, and formerly a follower of Wyclif; d. some
- ReprobationREPROBATION. See Predestination.
- Republican MethodistsREPUBLICAN METHODISTS. See O'Kelly, James.
- RequiemREQUIEM:
- Resch, AlfredRESCH, resh, ALFRED: German Lutheran; b. at Greiz (49 m. s. of Leipsic) Apr. 21, 1835.
- Reservation of the SacramentRESERVATION OF THE SACRAMENT: The keeping back from the public service of the Holy Communion of portion
- Reservation, EcclesiasticalRESERVATION, ECCLESIASTICAL: In Germany the historic principle legally settled that any clerical belong
- Reservation, MentalRESERVATION, MENTAL: A secret mental restriction or repression in thought, an offense against the duty
- Reservation, PapalRESERVATION, PAPAL: The act of the pope in reserving to himself the right to nominate to certain benefi
- Reserved CasesRESERVED CASES. See Casus Reservati.
- ResidenceRESIDENCE: The obligation on all holding ecclesiastical benefices of any kind to remain during definite
- Respighi, PietroRESPIGHI, res-pî´gî, PIETRO: Cardinal; b. at Bologna, Italy, Sept. 22, 1843. He was ed
- ResponsesRESPONSES. See Antiphon.
- Restarick, Henry BondRESTARICK, HENRY BOND: Protestant Episcopal bishop of Honolulu; b. at Holcomb, Somersetshire, England,
- Restitution, Edict ofRESTITUTION, EDICT OF. See Westphalia, Peace of.
- RestorationRESTORATION. See Apocatastasis.
- Resurection of the DeadRESURRECTION OF THE DEAD: The Christian hope of a renewal of life after death was to a certain extent a
- RetabulumRETABULBM. See Altar, III., 1, b, c.
- Rettberg, Friedrich WilhelmRETTBERG, ret´bārH, FRIEDRICH WILHELM: German Lutheran; b. at Celle (22 m. n.n.e. of H
- Rettig, Christian MichaelRETTIG, HEINRICH CHRISTIAN MICHAEL: Protestant theologian; b. at Giessen July 30, 1799; d. at Zurich Ma
- Reuchlin, JohannesREUCHLIN, reiH´´lîn´ (CAPNION), JOHANNES: German humanist; b. at Pforzheim (24 m. n.w.
- Rueblin, (Roeubli, Raebl), WilhelmREUBLIN , reib´lin (ROEUBLI, RAEBL), WILHELM: Swabian Anabaptist; b. at Rottenburg on-t